Speech Perception Problems of Japanese Students 
.... The problem is most acute when the phonological system of L1 and that of
L2 are quite distant (as between English and
Japanese). ....
(1724
7
)
RON SHEEN'S "AN EGTM: WHAT IS IT?" (1993) A Cri
.... When it comes to the learning of English by
Japanese students, the case for L1-
L2 equivalence is particularly tenuous, because of the wide disparity between ....
(2846
11
)
Timing and ESL Learning in Young Children TIMING AND ESL LEARNING ...
.... It depends on the degree of literacy achieved in L1 and/or
L2: even though the
Japanese script (L1) is wholly different from that of English, the child who can ....
(3250
13
)
Contrastive Linguistics Definition,
.... of English and
Japanese could only conclude that there are distant phonological differences between the two language, but the prediction of errors in
L2 as a ....
(2003
8
)
Contrast of ESL & EFL
.... If, then, L1 and
L2 are completely dissimilar, as English and
Japanese are, there is no reason not to use L1 to explain
L2, and even grammar-translation ....
(5370
21
)
ENVIRONMENTS PROPITIOUS TO LEARNING ENGLISH AS
.... The permissive yet controlled environment allows
Japanese children to avoid those
L2 forms which constitute learning blocks to them (such as English's relative ....
(3802
15
)
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION and JAPAN
.... Clancy, PM (1986). The acquisition of communicative style in
Japanese. .... Connor, U., & Kaplan, RB (1987). Writing across languages: Analysis of
L2 text. ....
(1391
6
)
CHILDREN'S ESL LEARNING STRATEGIES Strategies
.... their
Japanese thinking when learning English thinking? One does not know, but one does know that the best strategy will do without contrasting L1 with
L2, ....
(2933
12
)
Selection of ESL Didactic Materials
.... target-language material of personal relevance, then obviously the
L2 professional book .... In the case of
Japanese young schoolchildren, one must consider, however ....
(1764
7
)
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO TEACHING ENGLISH
....
Japanese secondary and tertiary foreign language instruction stresses the grammar-translation method--an .... said to tend to foster transfer from L1 to
L2, and ....
(1412
6
)
The English Consonant System
.... these phonological nuances other than through listening and speaking
L2 in meaningful .... and aspiration, which in such languages as Arabic and
Japanese are much ....
(2814
11
)
ACQUIRING A SECOND LANGUAGE THROUGH THE WHOLE-L
.... the
L2 target-population have in common--such as lack of some English sounds in their own language and different syntactical constructions--such as in
Japanese ....
(2632
11
)
Communication and Language Acquisition Understanding, speak
.... of learning pronunciation in a foreign language is simply because sounds in
L2 may not .... In the case of
Japanese ESL students, a selection must be made based on ....
(4302
17
)
English language in Japan
.... based instruction is concerned, it may make more sense for
Japanese students to .... the task of translation into English as the second language (
L2)" (Porcaro 113 ....
(4282
17
)
LANGUAGE ACTIVITIES IN THE ESL CLASSROOM ESL c
.... look "funny", but because they are used so differently from those of
Japanese. .... gives a listening comprehension exercise; gives a lecture on
L2 culture; etc. ....
(3596
14
)
FIRST AND SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNING
.... Other variables to consider in learning
L2 as opposed to L1 are the .... Arabs surely demands a different methodological approach than teaching English to
Japanese. ....
(3172
13
)
Error Analysis of Second Language Learners
.... Negative transfer is to be avoided through fostering thinking in
L2. ? .... E. A Descriptive-comparative Study Predicting Interference for
Japanese in Learning ....
(3203
13
)
Code Alternation
.... be reached at the cross-over point from L1 to
L2 through L1 .... Schachter (1974) found that Chinese and
Japanese learners avoid producing English relative clauses. ....
(2353
9
)
CODE ALTERNATION IN ENGLISH As I
.... to be reached at the cross-over point from L1 to
L2 through L1 .... Schachter (1974) found that Chinese and
Japanese learners avoid producing English relative clauses ....
(2333
9
)
SOME AFFECTIVE, PSYCHOLINGUISTIC, AND NEUROLINGUISTIC FACTORS IN ...
.... the foreign ESL teacher who may find complete chaos in the
Japanese classroom, or .... been adopted by ESL experts as being a good model for
L2 instruction, "there ....
(3350
13
)
THE SELECTION OF ESL/EFL CLASSROOM MATERIALS INSTRUCTIONA
.... pre-literate, non-literate, or, as in the case of
Japanese learners, literate .... content teaching focuses on meaning comprehension, whereas what
L2 learners need ....
(3696
15
)
TEACHING TECHNIQUES AND INSTRUCTIONAL AIDS IN T
.... attains perfect competence in the object of learning (such as
L2), because "perfect .... is director of the year-long full-time intensive
Japanese FALCON program at ....
(2956
12
)
Translation as an Aid in the EFL Classroom EF
.... of English may have it easier than their Chinese and
Japanese peers, but .... the importance of vocabulary acquisition in the reading comprehension process of
L2. ....
(7342
29
)
Errors in Second Language Learning
.... and concepts, but limited knowledge of syntactical differences between L1 and
L2. .... more tolerant of dialectal varieties than are Arabic or
Japanese, for example ....
(3528
14
)
Translation and Interpretation
.... person singular of the Latin languages or the "polite" personal forms of
Japanese or Bahasa .... L1, langue de l'original, et le sytFme de la langue
L2, langue de ....
(6893
28
)
LEARNING & TEACHING BUSINESS ENGLISH WRITING
.... the "registers") used for different social levels in, say,
Japanese, it is .... L1 composition theories: Implications for developing theories of
L2 composition. ....
(7028
28
)
Influences of Culture on Academic Achievement
.... have to undergo a series of tests when they begin their education in
Japanese schools. .... My language speaks of me: transmutational identities in
L2 acquisition. ....
(6112
24
)
