Annie Warburton Goodrich

Annie W. Goodrich was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey in 1866 as the second of seven children. Her father was an insurance executive and her mother the daughter of physician John S. Butler, a pioneer in progressive psychiatry who founded the Hartford Retreat, an institution for the treatment of the mentally ill. Annie abhorred sickness and death and so did not come to nursing for the love of it but rather was brought to the profession by her need to support herself, combined with the lack of options facing women in her time. She attended New York Hospital's Training School for Nurses. Students at the time normally worked 12 hours each day on the wards of the hospital and attended a few evening lectures on clinical subjects. Senior nursing students served as head nurses and guided the new students through their initial experiences on the wards. Goodrich graduated and remained at New York Hospital until 1893, leaving to become superintendent of nurses at New York Postgraduate Hospital, where she became involved in nurse education. In 1900 sh

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ealth care and preventive medicine to the community. In 1918, at the request of the surgeon general of the army, she took a leave of absence from the Henry Street Settlement to become chief inspecting nurse of the United States Army's hospitals (Bullough, Church, and Stein, 1988, 146-147). Goodrich would be the originator of the plan for the Army school of nursing. It was started in 1918 as a war measure, with Annie Goodrich as dean. The school was designed as well to be a permanent organization. The course of study lasted three years, and nine months' credit was given to college students. The work was centered on Army hospitals, and there were affiliations in civilian hospitals. At the height of the war, there were thousands of applicants. The first class graduated in 1921 with 500 graduates--400 at the Walter Reed Hospital in Washington, D.C. and 100 at the Letterman Hospital in San Francisco. This was the largest class of nurses ever graduated at one time to that date. The school continued with smaller classes. It was discontinued for economic reasons in 1932, with the last class graduated in 1933. The school was organized in an excellent fashion and set an example for other schools (Dolan, 1973, 268). Annie Good
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