Kant and Iser

Eagleton is at some pains to discuss the controversy that surrounded the continuum of development from sundry prestructuralist to poststructuralist critical approaches denying the relevance of psychosocial history of the creators of literature to their literary artifacts. In various ways, various exponents of close examination of text have held that the text, not the attributes of its creator, is paramount. As Eagleton says of F.R. Leavis, "practical criticism," and "close reading," for example:

There was no need to examine the work in its historical context, or even discuss the structure of ideas on which it drew. It as a matter of assessing the tone and sensibility of a particular passage "placing" it definitively and then moving on to the next (Eagleton 37-8).

The case is rather different, however, for poets and novelists on one hand and their most cogent critics on the other. It is helpful--as Eagleton does, at some length--to position i

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s mounted an exhibition in Munich depicting 2,000 years of German art, culminating in the paintings of "heroic realism" (Griffin 104) of Nazi myth. Concurrently there was an exhibition of what was called "Degenerate Art," consisting of more than 700 paintings "hung haphazardly without frames" accompanied by "crude comments," but including examples of modern German expressionism as well as pieces by Picasso, Matisse, Van Gogh, Cézanne, and Van Gogh (Toland 567). The pieces in the degenerate exhibition were shortly to be suppressed, but it was far better attended than the Nazi one. It is difficult not to detect bias in the Nazis' action, both in favor of Nazi art and against modern art. In that regard, Kang explains that a subjective purpose does not validate a judgment of taste (513). To the degree the art has an agenda, its objective aesthetic is problematic. The overarching idea is that bias is an aspect of subjectivity that may get in the way of a subjective aesthetic judgment that has objective validity. Kant further breaks down the definition, explaining that what is called "agreeable" is what "gratifies," what is called "beautiful" is what is "liked," and what is "esteemed" is "that to which we attribute an objective value"
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Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 2257
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page)