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Immigration Control Immigration, both legal and il

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Immigration, both legal and illegal, has risen near the top of the national public agenda in the 1990s. It was, for example, a major issue in the 1996 presidential campaign, and is now the subject of major reform bills in the Congress. But, the emergence of this issue was not a spontaneous event. Immigration control, and the treatment of immigrants once they arrive in the United States, reached this level on the public agenda through a combination of efforts by politicians and policy entrepreneurs.

Immigration control has always been a significant public issue, but, in recent decades, it has not been near the top of the public agenda. The current concerns over limiting immigration contrast strongly, for example, with the 1990 Immigration Act, which increased annual immigration levels (Immigration policy, 1995, p. 15). The issue has, therefore, been raised with some speed. Yet, there is very little agreement among those who worked to accomplish this. Their intentions, very often, conflict with each other, and legislators are hard-pressed to produce laws that satisfy any of these agents completely. In terms of agenda setting, the immigration issue raises the question of how a number of agents, with disparate concerns, placed the problem on the national agenda, and how legislation is being formulated in response to these concerns. What were the routes and processes involved, and who were the agents who placed immigration on the national agenda? How are these conce

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tion rhetoric, based on all four of the basic claims, began to pour off the presses as the issue was rapidly politicized. By 1993, Democratic and Republican legislators, "outside their parties' leadership," began to proposed serious limitations on immigration (Beck, 1996, p. 18). Initial 1993 proposals, that immigration be reduced by anywhere from two-thirds to three-fourths, drew a surprising level of support in Congress. In 1994, California Governor Pete Wilson brought illegal immigration to the fore in the political arena. In a 1994 article he cited, Washington's "failure of will" in controlling the borders, and in "forc[ing] the states to give health care, education and other benefits" to illegal immigrants (Wilson, 1995, p. 25). Growing public anger in California, which has "40% of the national total" of illegal immigrants, resulted in the passage of Proposition 187 in late 1994 (McDonnell, 1997, p. A1). This measure called for the elimination of health care benefits (except in emergencies) for all illegal immigrants, and the elimination of schooling for their children, many of whom, by virtue of having been born in the U. S. are American citizens (Zuckerman, 1994, p. 124). Though the measure's constitutionality is su
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Approximate Word count = 3786
Approximate Pages = 15 (250 words per page)

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