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Motivation in Organizations

This research examines motivation in organizations, with an emphasis on the different factors involved in the motivation of union and non union employees. A brief review of motivational theory, together with a consideration of motivation in the union/non union context, is followed by case examples of the motivation of union and non union employees. The final discussion considers the future outlook of motivation in the union/non union context.

REVIEW OF MOTIVATION THEORY AND A

CONSIDERATION OF MOTIVATION IN THE UNION/NON UNION CONTEXT

Two of the most widely accepted theories of motivation applied in organizational environments are those of Abraham Maslow and Fredrick Herzberg. Maslow's (1954) motivation theory was his hierarchy of needs. The hierarchy divides human needs into higher and lower orders. The lower order needs are primary, such as food, shelter, sex, and physical security, while the higher order needs involve love for other and selfactualization. When the lower order needs are absent in the life of an individual, the satisfaction of those needs become the center of the individual's life. In most modern societies, however, the primary needs are satisfied. Thus, real motivationespecially within organizational structuresresults from individual desires to satisfy their higher order needs (Maslow, 1968). Maslow's theory has been applied in a variety of organizational environments.

Frederick Herzberg (1966) developed a theory of motivation the twofactor modelwhich is often confused with Maslow's hierarchy of needs. The twofactor model divided the factors involved in an individual's organizational life into hygiene factors and motivation factors.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's twofactor model are not identical (Maslow, 1971). Herzberg included such factors as compensation, working conditions, an so forth in the ...

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Motivation in Organizations. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 02:48, March 29, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1682403.html