Gender Discrimination

Women have attended professional and graduate schools in increasingly large numbers over the past two decades. The percentage of the student populations at these schools represented by women now roughly equals that of the population at large in this country. Similarly, the percentage of entry level positions held by women in business also comes close to that of women in the population of the United States. However, these percentages drop as higher level positions are examined. Women still do not comprise a very significant percentage of the higher level managers in American business.

Many observers now assert that there is a "glass ceiling" above the heads of women (and racial minorities) who are employed in professional capacities in America. Moreover, in spite of the gains achieved by women in the business world in the past two decades, and the increasing number of females with postgraduate degrees, corporate America is largely governed by a white, male hierarchy.

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east two years' postgraduate education realized a less than 1 percent increase in their wages between 1990 and 1991 (Mahar 54). One dramatic example of gender discrimination in top levels of management occurs in the hospitality industry. In a recent poll conducted of top managers in the hospitality industry, 80 percent of the male respondents and 90 percent of the female respondents believed that sexual discrimination is a frequent occurrence in their industry (Woods 19). The results of this poll contradict recent reports that the cracks in the hospitality industry's glass ceiling have been growing. In other words, although some hospitality industry employers claim that more women are being promoted to high paying management positions within the industry, the statistics do not support that claim. Of the women who responded to the aforementioned survey, 40 percent said that, in their experience, sexual discrimination is most often related to promotion. Another 38 percent of the women surveyed said that it is most often related to salaries (Woods 19-20). Another industry in which women have experienced gender discrimination is in civil service employment. For example, in federal government agencies, women comprise more than
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Approximate Word count = 2589
Approximate Pages = 10 (250 words per page)