The Papacy and The Crusades
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The religious wars of the Christian monarchies of Western Europe in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries were waged to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims. When he called the First Crusade, Pope Urban II benefited from three facts: (1) the Church had achieved strong independent institutional and public presence in the West; (2) the Byzantine Empire was beginning its decline, in part because of determinedly militaristic Islamic evangelism; and (3) much of life in Western Europe was filtered through a lens of faith and obligation to God and the Church. In service to the faith, European crusaders proceeded to take Jerusalem from the Muslims, in 1099. Postwar events from 1100 onward in the wake of Christian victory provide the frame of reference for the revival of royal (secular) vis-à-vis papal power in Europe.Begin with two facts: (1) European crusaders were mercenary and repeatedly plundered riches of the east that supposedly exerted a civilizing influence on Europe (spices, silks, culture); and (2) no strategic post-Crusade (nation-bu
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Some common words found in the essay are:
Secular European, Charles Anjou, Land Balkans, Europe Begin, Frederick II, Concordat Worms, Jerusalem Muslims, Crusade European, Holy Land, France Germany, holy land, european crusaders, papal prestige, western europe,
Approximate Word count = 722
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page)
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