The Source of Human Consciousness
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The question of the source of human consciousness has been present in philosophy from its earliest stages, and contrasting views of how human beings know what they know develop in the works on human cognition, or understanding by René Descartes (1596-1650) and John Locke (1632-1704). Simply because of chronology, Locke's views can be considered a response to--and rebuttal of--Descartes. Moreover, even though Descartes provides one of the most famous sayings in all of philosophy (cogito ergo sum; I think, therefore I am/exist), and even though Descartes is very methodical in his presentation of ideas, Locke's rebuttal offers a more coherent, tangible, and comprehensive account of the condition of rational beings. Descartes' view of human consciousness and knowledge of reality and existence as being properties of the solely of the mind and not of the objects contemplated by the mind is an inadequate account of either the human mind or of the objects contemplated. In the Meditations, he starts by suggesting that nothing exists and thinks he cannot know that or how he knows anything really exists. But then immediately he presents the opposite idea: "But doubtless I did exist, if I persuaded myself of something" (64). For a moment he speculates that perhaps a demonic god is trying to trick him; however, he realizes that speculation itself is thought, which means (to Descartes) that "thought exists; it alone cannot be separated from me" (65). If he can doubt and think, it follows
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Approximate Word count = 1014
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page)
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