Mathematician Leonhard Euler

Euler was the most prolific mathematician in history. During his career, he published around 560 books and articles, and still left a backlog of over 300 works at his death. The St. Petersburg Academy did not finish publishing his "literary output" until 1862 (Youschkevitz 483). Remarkable as it was, the quantity of the work did not exceed its quality. Euler established several new branches of mathematics; "graph theory, the calculus of variations, and combinatorial topology" -- the last of these only becoming a major research area in the late twentieth century (Dunham 52). In addition, Euler made important contributions to applied mathematics in everything from acoustics and optics to ship building and the structures of music -- although his book on music was said to contain "too much geometry for musicians and too much music for geometers" (qtd. in Dunham 52)

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vise solutions to various technological problems. Euler was even commissioner of weights and measures, performing the job's tasks and "writing essays on the construction and testing of scales and other apparatus of measurement" (Rudolph E. Langer, qtd. in Kramer 215). The Russian rulers had been losing interest in supporting the Academy almost since Euler's arrival. Though Empress Anna's succession to the throne, in 1730, had improved the situation, Euler was ready for a change. In 1741 he accepted the invitation of Frederick the Great, the new Prussian King, to join the Berlin academy, where he was to spend 25 years. For all those years, Euler maintained a relationship with the Russian academy as well, publishing at least half his output in St. Petersburg. His schedule of duties was even greater than in Russia. An example of his attitude, and his interest in every scientific question, is his response to Frederick's inquiry regarding the best ballistics manual. Euler selected the book, translated it into German, and then, "added his own supplements on ballistics, which were five times longer than the original text" (Youschkevitch 470). Euler's helpful notes themselves had an important place in the history of the subjec
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