Idea of Qualitative Research
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1) Qualitative research is based on the idea that reality is not predetermined, but is created by the participants as the research progresses, i.e. the participants make their own reality (Vishnevsky and Beanlands 2004, p.235). It explores phenomena by looking at how the individuals experience them, and assumes that it is possible to get the best understanding of phenomena by having a small interpersonal distance between the researcher and the subjects. Qualitative research does not involve carrying out experiments, and has no dependent or independent variables. The basis of qualitative research is to understand phenomena in their entirety. Qualitative research is done among the participants in their natural setting and involves ongoing data collection and analysis. The data collection and the methodology of qualitative research are flexible, and so they allow for changes to be made throughout the data collection period, and the subjective data combines thoughts and perceptions of the participants and the researchers. Qualitative research does not select a sample that is representative of the population being studied, but chooses subjects who have the most experience with the phenomena being studied, and the sample size is usually determined as the study progresses because researchers include as many participants as they feel are necessary to give them a good understanding of the phenomena (Vishnevsky and Beanlands, 2004, p.235). The researcher and the participants
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in the data. Thematic analysis is a part of the data analysis of qualitative research studies. Data from each participant can be analyzed independently, or cross-case analysis can be used. The data may be amenable to being analyzed by hand, or it may be more suited to computer analysis by one of several established software programs. This will be determined by the amount and type of data collected.
Qualitative research is still struggling for acceptance alongside quantitative research because of its highly subjective nature (Dixon-Woods and Fitzpatrick 2001, 765-766). It is still not usually included in systematic reviews because no one knows how to judge its quality and weigh its significance in the same way that quantitative studies are rated using CONSORT e.g. to rate clinical trials. Because it is subjective, and not objective, it is difficult for people to judge the quality of qualitative research objectively. However, qualitative research methods are being used more and more in the field of health research, and the criteria for determining the quality of qualitative research are switching from a natural science model to an interpretative social science model (Ezzy 2001, pp.294-297). Methodologies such as clinic
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Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page)
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