Arms Control and Disarmament

From the time of the detonation of a nuclear weapon by the Soviet Union in the late1940s through the demise of that nation in the early1990s, arms control and disarmament reigned as one of the foremost international issues (Wright and McManus, 1991, pp. 135223). The conflict over arms control and disarmament existed primarily between the United States and the Soviet Union (Spangler, 1991, pp. 108342). This research analyzes the arms control and disarmament conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union in an economic context.

The central hypotheses in international relations theory the systemic and what Kenneth Waltz (1959, pp. 80123) designated as "the second image"tend to conflict with one another. The systemic hypothesis holds generally that the international relations policy of a given state tends to be a product of the international regime of which it is a part (Rogowski, 1987, pp. 11211137). The second image hypothesis holds contrarily that the international relations policy of a state tends to be a product of domestic political structures and pressures (Katzenstein, 1978, pp. 295336). While systemic and second image hypotheses espouse conflicting approaches to the adoption by states of international relations policy, Rogowski (1987, pp. 11211137), Katzenstein (1978, pp. 295336), Gourevitch (1977, pp.

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gnificance of economic power in the creation and functioning of international regimes, Keohane (1984, p. 46), however, accorded economic power a much more central role than does Gilpin (1981, p. 31). With respect to the rules that govern interactions between states, Gilpin (1981, p. 35) held that they applied to (1) the conduct of diplomacy and political intercourse among states, (2) the conduct of war between states, and (3) the conduct of economic activity between states. In turn, Gilpin (1981, p. 35) held that the sources of such rules of international conduct were "custom and formally negotiated . . . treaties." Keohane (1984, p. 59), by contrast, would define some of what Gilpin (1981, p. 35) referred to rules as norms of behavior that are not as specific as are rules. At the same time, Keohane (1984, p. 61) argued that norms are less subject to change than are rules. Keohane argued further that, rules, if they are to be effective at all, must derive from "specific interstate agreements that affect the exercise of national controls." With respect to the creation of regimes, Keohane (1984, p. 72) emphasized the significance of the application of the rationalchoice model from economic theory. Although Keohane (1984, p.
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Some common words found in the essay are:
Kenneth Waltz, World War, Soviet Union, Race Model, Europe American, Adams Gold, X3O XnthO, Gulf War, Control Disarmament, Cold War, defense spending, keohane 1984, international relations, modelski 1982, soviet union, gilpin 1981, peace dividend, business cycle, national defense, international regimes, arms control disarmament, proponents image hypothesis, levels defense spending, gilpin 1981 pp, model alternating innovations,
Approximate Word count = 7337
Approximate Pages = 29 (250 words per page)