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European Court of Justice

This research examines the role of the European Court of Justice in the political integration of the member states of the European Communities. The Court of Justice is a body of the European Communities (Paxton, 1990). There are several subcommunities of the European Communities, of which the most widely known is the European Economic Community (Paxton, 1990).

Within the context of international regional integration, there are five levels(1) freetrade area, (2) customs union, (3) common market, (4) economic union, and (5) political union (Grosse, & Kujawa, 1988). Each successive level involves agreater degree of integration. At the lowest level of integration, the freetrade area, tariffs are eliminated on the trade between the member countries. At the next level, the customs union, common external tariffs are applied to all trade between the member countries and non member countries. The third level, the common market, moves one step further along, and permits the free flow of the factors of production among member countries. At the fourth level, economic union, monetary and fiscal harmonization among member countries is added to the common market system. The final level, political union,

2involves the creation of a single government over all member countries, and the loss of national identity for the individual member states of the union.

The European Communities are comprised of a number of separate subcommunities with memberships drawn from the same population of nations, although not all nations within the population of nations are members, or full members, of each of the separate subcommunities. It is necessary, therefore, to consider the European Communities structure, in order to be able to understand the role of community bodies, such as the Court of Justice.

Although the first European communities came into being in 1958 (as a consequence of the 1957 Treaty of Rome), each of the separat...

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European Court of Justice. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 11:47, March 29, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1683961.html