European Economic Community
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This research examines the European Economic Community (EEC). Although the EEC is commonly referred to in the singular, it is actually a collection of communities formed to deal with specific common functions, of which the economic community is one (McDonald and Zis, 1989). The term European Communities (EC) is sometimes used to refer to the several communities as a group. As greater integration within the EC occurs, the independence of action of the separate communities is diminished, and the EC moves closer to becoming an entity (Weinberger, 1990). The term EEC is used in this research when referring to the EC as a whole, as well as when referring to the economic community. Where necessary for clarity of discussion, the other communities are referred to by name. Included in this examination are a tracing of the historical development of the EEC, an explanation of the further integration scheduled for 1992, and a consideration of potential developments beyond 1992. THE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK WITHIN WHICHEEC DEVELOPMENT HAS OCCURRED There are five levels of regional integration (Grosse and Kujawa, 1988). The first level is the formation of a free trade area, and the second level is the evolution of the free trade area into a customs union. Beyond the customs union, the third level of integration is the common market. The common market, generally speaking, describes the pre 1992 level of integration in the EEC. The fourth level of integration is economic un
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es Department of State, 1989). Further, the court resolves conflicts between EEC laws, and the national laws of the various member states (Schermers and Waelbroeck, 1987). The rulings of the Court of Justice are binding on all parties, and are not subject to appeal (Schermers and Waelbroeck, 1987).
Through the cases adjudicated by the European Court of Justice, the role of the court has become stronger. Member states have often challenged the right of the Court of Justice to hear specific cases. When the Court has rebuffed these challenges, however, the member states have accepted the authority of the Court, albeit not always with overwhelming goodwill. The outcome of such challenges met by the Court has been a strengthened EEC judicial system, and a strengthened role for the Court of Justice within the EEC political structure.
The European Court of Justice has "played a major role in the process of removing barriers to the movement of goods and people among" member states of the EEC (United States Department of State, 1989, p. 4). Further, the decisions of the Court of Justice have strengthened other EEC institutions, and have promoted the development and implementation of
integrated policies within the EEC (United St
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Some common words found in the essay are:
Belgian/ Luxembourg, Single Act, EURATOM ECSC , Court Justice, Brewin McAllister, Giavazzi Giovannini, National Review, EEC Economist, ERM Eight, ERM British, european monetary, european monetary system, monetary system, court justice, common market, economist 1990, single act, loss value, cumulative loss value, exchange rate, cumulative loss, 1 january, brewin mcallister 1988, united department 1989, journal common market,
Approximate Word count = 6504
Approximate Pages = 26 (250 words per page)
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