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NonVerbal Components of Communication

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In contemporary research, it has been estimated that at least sixtyfive percent of communication between people is expressed through nonverbal messages. Research further indicates that there are at least nine components of communication that are expressive in a nonverbal manner, leading to increased difficulties in understanding and explaining communication. These components include: the human body, in that physical characteristics often convey a message; kinesics, the language of body position and movement; the eyes, their contact and use; paralanguage, those voice qualities and characteristics that accompany spoken words; silence; tacesics and stroking, the language of touch and its substitutes; proxemics, the way that humans use space to communicate; chronemics, time in both its cultural and physiological dimensions; and color.1

This paper will examine both the verbal and nonverbal barriers to communication, and will focus on the way each affects the process of listening. This will be presented in four parts; a review of the literature on the subject, an interview conducted by this author, an explanations of the results of the interview as compared to the literature in the

1 Marjorie Fink Vargas, Louder Than Words, (Ames: The Iowa State University Press, 1986), 1011.

field, and conclusions and recommendations for further research.

Within the past two decades, there has been a significant increase in empirical attention within the field o

. . .
was that since we didn't speak each others' language, we started to become more conscious of nonverbal cues and the way we were looking or acting. It was a very tense situation, not only was I out of my league linguistically, I was nervous and uncomfortable in the social situation. Q: Do you believe that you were able to communicate well even without a common language? J: Sure, after a few moments it became almost like a joke. I had my French/English dictionary and we spent the rest of the evening trying to find out about each other and our interests. The real difficulty came later. Q: Let's focus on that difficulty now. You've both told me that initially you were very alert, constantly listening to each other, and trying to communicate. Did that wear off, or were there additional difficulties? J: At first, the language barrier was more of a challenge and kind of fun. However, I soon found that I had to be constantly on guard and that if I let my attention span slip just a bit, I was in trouble. It began to wear on me  if I missed something I could sense (bodylanguage, ed.) that Ilsa was irritated. I: I was having such a hard time talking. Simple things like where to go, which direction to turn, and so on
. . .

Some common words found in the essay are:
Context Somehow, Jack Ilsa, , York Elsevier, University Press, Jack Ilsa's, Norton Publishers, Erlbaum Associates, Communication Monographs, Nonverbal Behavior, language barriers, nonverbal behavior, language barrier, nonverbal behaviors, nonverbal communication, journal nonverbal behavior, verbal nonverbal, speech effectiveness, jk burgoon, journal nonverbal, jack ilsa, speech delivery speech, delivery speech effectiveness, speech effectiveness communication, relationships speech delivery,
Approximate Word count = 2416
Approximate Pages = 10 (250 words per page)

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