Production and Control of Ozone Abstract T

The ozone (O3) layer refers to the layer within Earth's upper atmosphere lying between 50,000 to 120,000 feet (Ozone layer, 1984, 2127). In forming ozone, ultraviolet radiation of wavelengths between 290 and 320 nanometers are absorbed by oxygen molecules (O2) forming a high energy bond between three atoms of oxygen (O3) (Ozone layer..., 1984, 2127).

Ozone thus generated in the upper atmosphere absorbs 9799% of the sun's high frequency ultraviolet light, protecting life on Earth from exposure to potentially higher levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation (Ozone home..., 1996).

Unstable ozone molecules are also constantly being created and destroyed by complex natural forces involving solar radiation and interactions with very minute quantities of other gases. Ozone concentrations fluctuate naturally on a daily, seasonal, and solarcyclical basis (Mathews, 1991, 115).

Ozone concentration is measured in Dobson units. The instrumentation designed by G.M.B. Dobson measures ozone concentrations using the relative intensity of solar radiation at four wavelengths. Two of these wavelengths are absorbed by ozone and two are not. This pro

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1, 114). Thus released, chlorine atoms could serve as a catalyst in a complex series of reactions, part of the net effect being the conversion of ozone into oxygen (Ozone layer..., 1984, 2127). An abridged version of the series of steps involved in converting ozone to oxygen follows: Cl+ O3 > ClO + O2; ClO + O > Cl + O2 . The implication was that the CFMs in freon might cause significant depletion of the ozone layer. A report issued by the National Academy of Sciences in 1979 stated that the potential for depletion of ozone in the stratosphere caused by the release of CFMs was greater than had been previously predicted (Ozone layer..., 1984, 2127). The report projected that continued production and use of CFMs at the 1977 rate would lead to an eventual 16.5 percent depletion of stratospheric ozone. Later in 1979, projection rates for ozone depletion were increased because of direct measurement of several key chemical reactions. As a result, it has been estimated that an eventual ozone depletion rate of 18.6 percent would have resulted if CFMs had continued to be released at 1977 rates (Ozone layer..., 1984, 2127). It has been shown that every September since the late 1970s, the Antarctic experienced a temporary but dr
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Approximate Word count = 2045
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page)

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