This research paper will address the issues involved in stem cell research. The following topics will be included in the discussion: stem cell research with definition and uses, ethical issues, and legal issues; professional and personal experiences on moral positions; bioethical decision making with key individuals and moral stance, and value conflicts; who should make decisions; range of actions and outcomes; course of action; and evaluation of action results.
Stem cell research involves investigation of the use of stem cells from human embryos to treat conditions such as diabetes, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and cancer. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the potential to develop and grow into cells with specific functions therefore serving as replacement tissues and organs. For example stem cells can be used to replace brain and cardiac functions. Stem cells can be taken from adults, however these cells have more limitations and are less efficient. The removal of the stem cell from the embryo destroys the embryo and this results in controversy (Senior, 2000, p. 1890; Southwick, 2000b, p. A34).
An example of scientific study includes the use of embryonic stem cells to remyelinate spinal cord neurons in an injured rat. In this case the embryonic stem cells were induced to differentiate in culture, and were then transplanted into adult rat spinal cords to remyelinate the injured neurons. This technique can be transferred to the treatment of demyelinating diseases in humans (Senior, 2000, p. 1890).
Stem cells are defined as having the ability to divide indefinitely in culture, giving rise to specialized cells. When a sperm fertilizes the egg, a single cell is created that has the potential to form the entire organism. The fertilized egg has total potential to produce any tissue and it is called totipotent. Within hours after fertilization, the cell divides into two totipotent cells. With...