Ernest Rutherford
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Ernest Rutherford is considered the father of nuclear physics, but his awarding of the Nobel Prize came from his work in chemistry, specifically for his investigations into disintegration of the elements and radioactive substance chemistry. In actuality after rising from humble origins through education and his devotion to the sciences, Rutherford would change the way we conceive nature in three significant ways, “Combining brilliantly conceived experiments with much hard work and special insight, he explained the perplexing problem of naturally occurring radioactivity, determined the structure of the atom, and was the world’s first successful alchemist, changing nitrogen into oxygen” (Scientist Supreme 1). A distinguished student of some of the world’s top scientists and later a prize winning Professor, Rutherford also had many other achievements in the scientific field. He developed an electrical technique that could locate single ionizing radiations, he calculated the length of time the Earth has been in existence, he gave a language to atomic physics (nucleus, proton, electron, alpha particle, beta particle and neutron), and during the first World War he ran the research team developing methods of submarine detection.Ernest Rutherford was born on August 30, 1871, in Nelson, New Zealand, one of twelve children born to James and Martha (Thompson) Rutherford (Ernest Rutherford 1). His origins were humble. His father was Scotch
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ith a man known as Thomas Royds, he attempted to discover the nature of the alpha particle from radioactive substances. A good deal of research was leading scientists to believe that the alpha particle of radioactive substances was, in actually, a charged helium atom but there had been little investigation into the relationship that could prove it undeniably. Rutherford and Royds conducted such an experiment by firing alpha particles into a vessel to test if helium would appear because they felt the relationship could not be proven between the two in traditional experiments of the time, “The proof of the identity of the alpha particle with the helium atom is incomplete until it can be shown that the alpha particles, accumulated quite independently of the matter from which they are expelled, consist of helium. For example, it might be argued that the appearance of helium in the radium emanation was a result of the expulsion of the alpha particle, in the same way that the appearance of radium A is a consequence of the expulsion of the alpha particle from the emanation” (The Nature 1).
The experiment Rutherford and Royds devised fired alpha particles into a vessel whose walls were thin enough that the alpha particles could esc
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Approximate Word count = 2578
Approximate Pages = 10 (250 words per page)
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