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The Warren Court

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The Supreme Court of the United States represents the highest court in America, established under Article 3 of the U.S. Constitution. The Supreme Court has the final jurisdiction over all cases pertaining to the Constitution, laws, and treaties of the U.S. A chief justice and nine associate justices, appointed by the U.S. president, render decisions by majority vote. The Supreme Court has two main functions. The first is interpreting any acts of Congress. The second is to determine whether federal and state statutes are permissible under the Constitution. Under the leadership of Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Supreme Court maintained a fairly liberal activist stance. Major decisions included desegregation of schools under Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954) and protection of arrested individuals through the Miranda Act and other civil rights protections. This analysis will explore the members of the Supreme Court under Chief Justice Warren, also known as “Super Chief” among colleagues, in addition to reviewing some of its landmark cases and the movement to impeach Warren. A conclusion will discuss the relevance of some of these decisions to issues currently facing the Supreme Court.

Fifty years ago in March 1954, Earl Warren was confirmed as Chief Justice of the United States in what would amount to a sixteen year reign in the position widely considered one of the two great creative periods i

. . .
predecessor Arthur Goldberg. He was appointed by President Johnson to replace Goldberg and leaned toward liberal interpretations of the law and the Constitution. One of his biggest contributions to the Court were his arguments in Gideon v. Wainwright (1962), in which the Supreme Court ruled that states must provide “free legal counsel to the poor in every criminal trial.” Throughout his tenure on the Court, Fortas championed the expansion of criminal rights and sided with the other liberal justices in nearly all civil liberties cases. In a scandal involving a payout of $20,000 from a private foundation to Fortas, Fortas resigned from the Supreme Court under public pressure. He was the first justice in history to do so. Justice Thurgood Marshall was a liberal and the first African American to sit on the U.S. Supreme Court. His arguments against the separate but equal doctrine achieved their greatest impact in the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas decision. Appointed by President Johnson to the Court, it took more than a year for Marshall to be approved by the Senate where Southern senators opposed his appointment. Marshall was another stalwart liberal. Graduated from Howard University Law School, Marshall c
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Approximate Word count = 2434
Approximate Pages = 10 (250 words per page)

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