Trebizond Empire
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The creation of the Trabzon (or Trebizond) Empire occurred in 1204 by the grandsons of a Byzantine emperor, Adronicus I, David and Alexius I Comnenus. While Greeks had founded Trabzon in the 8th century BC, it was eventually incorporated in both the Roman and Byzantine Empires. Many Byzantine architectural wonders remain at the site to this day, including the Hagia Sophia, once a Church and now a museum. Yet, Trabizond would keep its independence even once the Byzantine Empire was restored in 1261. Because of its strategic location, Trabzon would flourish and grow rich primarily as a trade route that extended through Asia Minor to East Asia and from Russia and the Middle East to Europe. While many view Trabzon as an exotic left-over from the Byzantine Empire, it existence goes much deeper, “It was only the surfacing of something much more interesting and substantial: a Pontic regionalism with distinct social, economic and geographical characteristics which long preceded, and survived, the Grand Comnenoi” (Bryer I). This analysis will cover the founding, the flourishing and the fall of Trabzon to the Ottoman invasion in 1461.Once the Roman Empire conquered Constantinople, Greeks were hard pressed to find other locations in order to retain their culture and freedom. Out of this search three independent Greek Empires came into being. The first was Nicaea which would conquer Byzantium. The second was Trabzon
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also called Alexios I rich and this was because Trabzon had flourished as a port of trade and a huge amount of coins were made during his reign bearing testimony to the great prosperity that occurred under his leadership. Manuel would pass away in 1263 but he felt he had done the work of God and shortly after his reign Trabzon would fall prey to many internal disputes that would threaten its survival. He was more than likely the Emperor most responsible in the 13th century BC for the commercial success of Trabzon, to the point where the currency of Trabzon would become widely circulated in other regions:
The reason for this was the increase in the transit trade of Trebizon after 1258, the date of the destruction of Bagdad by Hulagu, the Mongol chief, when goods from the East were transported to Mediterranean. In this reign, such was the circulation of the Trapezuntine coinage in Georgia, that Kirmaneoul became the generic name for money in that country. These coins bore on the obverse the standing figure of the Emperor, on the reverse that of St. Eugenios, or in some cases a seated figure of the Golden-Headed Virgin holding the infant Christ. A portrait of the Emperor this Emperor with a medallion on his breast, bearing the
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Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 2991
Approximate Pages = 12 (250 words per page)
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