Prostate cancer

Many men are unaware they have prostate cancer

Tests for prostate cancer are not always definitive..

Many new options are opening up for treatment of prostate cancer.

The more common treatments of orchiectomy, radiation, androgen suppression and estrogen therapy are being displaced or supplemented by new drugs, gene therapy, immunotherapies, and combination therapies.

The newer therapies are more cytostatic than cytotoxic -- more specific and fewer side effects.

Missing currently from the studies of prostate cancer is new diagnostic techniques showing the presence of tumors in early stages.

This way the unspecificity of the PSA test can be avoided.

This will eliminate the unnecessary treatment of those with benign enlargement of the prostate.

Prostate cancer is very common and after lung cancer, it is the most common form of cancer in men in the United States (Cramer, 1999; Walsh, 1998). It was expected to cause more than 31,000 deaths in 2000 (Bayoumi, Brown and Garber, 2000). Annual Medicare expenditures for prostate cancer usually exceeds $1.4 million. It usually develops after age 50 but can occur in younger men (Clinical Reference Systems, 2000). Prostate cancer often progresses slowly in older men and they may die of other causes before it progresses to a lethal stage. Experts di

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review of the use of MAB to see whether or not it increases survival time in prostate cancer patients by the Prostate Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group did not show any significant difference between the use of AS and the use of AS combined with MAB. They also found that the studies to date did not use enough patients to really give reliable results. Bone is the most common site of metastases in prostate cancer, and the only site of metastases in most patients. Bone-targeted consolidation therapy was tested on patients with advanced androgen-independent carcinoma of the prostate by Tu et al (2001). The patients received induction chemotherapy consisting of ketoconazole and doxorubicin alternating with estramustine and vinblastine. After two or three cycles of this regimen, some patients were randomly assigned to receive doxorubicin with or without strontium-89 every week for 6 weeks. Results showed that patients who received strontium-89 had significantly longer time to progression of the disease and longer overall survival times than those who did not. The researchers give two possible explanations of why the strontium-89 is effective. First, it may affect the bone stroma in such a way that it is harder for the pro
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Some common words found in the essay are:
AR-positive AR-negative, Reference Systems, Trialists' Collaborative, Outline Prostate, Cancer Institute, Kristal Stanford, Future Molecular, prostate cancer, NSAA LHRH, Brown Garber, Studies Fernandez, et al, natl cancer, prostate cancer cells, cancer cells, clinical reference systems, clinical reference, reference systems, natl cancer inst, cancer inst, cramer 1999, psa test, et al 2001, androgen suppression, reference systems 2000,
Approximate Word count = 2425
Approximate Pages = 10 (250 words per page)

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