PRISON PRIVATIZATION

One outcome of all of this activity were new sentencing guidelines that mandated prison time for more types of offenses and which also lengthened prison stays (Latchkey, 1993, p. 24). While the politicians were getting tough on crime, however, the politicians and citizens--from the federal level right on down to local politicians and citizens voting in bond elections--neglected in some cases and refused in more cases to increase spending on incarceration facilities at the levels required to meet the increasing demand. The outcome, predictably, was prison overcrowding.

Some jurisdictions, in attempts to deal with the problem of prison overcrowding, adopted liberal probation in lieu of incarceration policies for adult non-violent offenders (Scott, 1993, pp. 32D-33D). Such policies have not always worked as intended, however, because some clas

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the recidivism rate, which, in turn, will lead to a reduction in system costs (Mackenzie, Shaw, & Souryal, p. 438). A third goal of such programs is the reduction of overcrowding in prisons (Austin, Jones, & Bolyard, 1992, p. 8). The essential goals and objectives of shock incarceration, thus, are (1) deterrence, (2) rehabilitation, (3) punishment, (4) incapacitation, (5) reduced crowding, and (6) reduced costs (Parent, 1989, pp. 11-12). The key measures of the effectiveness of prison boot camp programs and other corrections programs must be related to the commission of crime. First, therefore, a measure of the effectiveness of such programs is the reduction of the overall crime rate. The underlying basis of this measure is deterrence. Do such programs deter other from the commission of crimes? Second, a measure of the effectiveness of such programs is the reduction of the short-term rate of recidivism. The underlying bases of this measure are deterrence and rehabilitation. Do such programs lead to reductions in the recidivism rate during the corrections period? Third, a measure of the effectiveness of such programs is the reduction of the long-term rate of recidivism. The underlying basis of this measure is rehabilitat
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Approximate Word count = 6525
Approximate Pages = 26 (250 words per page)

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