THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN NURSING THEORY and PRACTICE

Koziol-McLain and Maeve (1993, pp. 79-81) suggested that practicing nurses should be wary of nursing theory. While recognizing a role for theory in nursing, Koziol-McLain and Maeve (1994, p. 142) contended that nursing theory is useful only when "used to describe and when it entices us to want to know more," but that theory in nursing is not useful when such theory is prescriptive in nature. Nagel and Mitchell (1994, p. 141) contended that the position of Koziol-McLain and Maeve places nursing in the realm of applied science, whereas according the Nagel and Mitchell nursing is a basic science. This difference in perspective underscores a major problem that characterizes the relationships between nursing practice, theory, and research. That problem is that practicing nurses, nurse theorists, and nurse researchers often hav

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re deficit, (2) self-care, and nursing system" (Chinn and Kramer, 1987, p. 190). Orem's self-care model is an interactionist model, which implies that the whole is greater than its parts. The model provides a framework for the education and support of patients in the development of effective self-care behavior. Self-care is defined as the practice of activities by individuals that they personally initiate and perform in their own behalf in maintaining their own life, health, and well-being. The self-care model is structured around six central concepts and one peripheral concept. The six central concepts are (1) self-care, (2) self-care agency, (3) therapeutic self-care demand, (4) self-care agency, (5) nursing agency, and (6) nursing system, while the peripheral concept is a set of basic conditioning factors. The Orem self-care model of nursing is implemented within the nursing metaparadigm concepts of person, environment, health, and nursing. Once again, this theory is person-centered, and as a person-centered theory it is highly compatible with the practice of nursing. The person-centered orientation is very much a part of contemporary nursing. Imogene King's theory of nursing conceives the "patient as a personal system
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Approximate Word count = 3295
Approximate Pages = 13 (250 words per page)

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