Nursing Education

As the profession of nursing becomes increasingly complex, nurses assume greater responsibilities in the areas of clinical practice, theory development, and the advance of nursing science through research (Krouse & Holloran, 1992). That a shortage of qualified and quality nursing personnel exists for these increasingly demanding responsibilities is documented (Ryan & Irvine, 1994).

What appears to be lacking is a critical mass of doctorally prepared nurses who actually work in professional service rather than in the teaching. Nursing is in need of clinical leaders who have competence as investigators, collaborators, communicators, and disseminators. These nu

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ler & Reyna, 1996). APNs have a graduate degree in nursing. They provide health care through comprehensive health assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of individuals and families; manage acute and chronic illnesses in a variety of settings; and promote wellness. Many different titles are associated with advanced practice, with a predominance of clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) and nurse practitioners (NPs). In both of these cases, a unique and specialized role was initially envisioned (Manion, 1991). The reality, however, is that over time the unique aspects of these roles have become blurred. Traditionally, APNs have been differentiated by setting as well as function (Pickler & Reyna, 1996). The CNS traditionally has been associated with inpatient, tertiary care settings, and with population-focused functions care (Reifsteck & D'Angelo, 1990). Conversely, NPs traditionally have been associated with outpatient settings and have focused on providing primary care (Sharp, 1992b). More recently, the trend toward a blended role for CNS and NP practice has been evolving (Pickler & Reyna, 1996). Although there is some concern about this blending related to loss of clear identity and public confusion, there is evidence that the
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Approximate Word count = 9489
Approximate Pages = 38 (250 words per page)

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