The Juvenile Justice System
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Public administration presents us with many institutions in which to observe organizational behaviors, and the very form and structure of these institutions illuminates how organizations are formed and what influence different behaviors have on that formation. Leaders and policy makers in these organizations respond to perceptions of success or failure. An examination of a particular institution in crisis - the juvenile justice system - shows how administrators view the problem, how the problem developed, and how policy makers are influenced in determining what to do about it.The method of inquiry begins with the inductive examination of the issues involved, through readings of observers and theorists in order to develop a general concept of the problem and of the organizational behavior responding to the problem. The intent is to utilize an abductive framework for decision-making about the issue. Williams (1985) has described abduction as a process of innovation or second-order change. To achieve this, it is necessary first to have a method enabling us to see the logic of the present culture and second to communicate this to others (133-135). Haney (1992) indicates the necessity of seeing the subject being studied in terms of change over time so that we look to the past to see how it has developed and thus to the future to see how it will or can develop (423-424). The juvenile justice system will be examined in terms of change ov
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st two-thirds of juvenile girls were committed to state and local institutions. Much of this incarceration was seen as unnecessary. The probation system was inadequate because the probation officer had little time for family counseling, and though he or she was supposed to be a mentor and guide for the client, there were usually too many clients for individual care to be possible (pp. 46-47).
The movement toward community-based programs has been based on many of the original conceptions underlying the creation of a separate juvenile justice system, including the state as a substitute parent and the belief that rehabilitation of the young was both possible and necessary. As noted, though, the public has shown less and less patience with any program except incarceration because of fears of street crime and the perception, justified or not, that the entire criminal justice system is too soft on criminals and that violent criminals are being released to commit more crimes. This is one of the main problems facing such programs in gaining community acceptance.
Curran (1988) examines the trends in the U.S. juvenile correctional system and finds a movement toward deinstitutionalization, accompanied by legislation addressing the de
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Some common words found in the essay are:
Sandhu Heasley, EXAMINATION ANALYSIS, Supreme Court, District Columbia, Development American, EVALUATION JUSTIFICATION, METHOD INQUIRY, Vito Wilson, INTRODUCTION Public, Future Bennett, juvenile justice, justice system, juvenile justice system, juvenile court, juvenile crime, community pressure, public administration, criminal justice, adult courts, substitute parent, juvenile offenders, criminal justice system, mandated prison sentences, justice system fagan, tried adult courts,
Approximate Word count = 2806
Approximate Pages = 11 (250 words per page)
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