PATCO
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The Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO), a labor union representing civilian air traffic controllers employed by an agency the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) of the United States (US) government, called a strike on 3 August 1981 (Office of AFCC History [OOAFCCH], 1985). In the ensuing months, PATCO's effectiveness as a collective bargaining organization was destroyed, the lives of hundreds of air traffic controllers and their families were quickly characterized by high levels of uncertainty and distress, air traffic safety in the US was temporarily compromised, military personnel were used as temporary replacements for the civilian air traffic controllers, and the quality of the industrial relations environment in the country deteriorated (Bowers, 1983). These outcomes were related; however, the relationships were not necessarily causal in each instance. Important questions are associated with the air traffic controllers strike, the government's response, and the strike outcomes. These questions are related to the powers of labor and management with respect to the content and process of work in the public sector, the right to strike of public sector employees, dispute settlement mechanisms employed in public administration, the use of military personnel to replace striking civilian workers, and implications for air traffic safety both in the short term and in the long term of the strike, governmental responses,
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times; and (7) excessive meetings (Parasuraman, & Alutto).
Through the study of stressor antecedents, and through the classification of occupationally related stressors as described above, this body of research found that both the type and the magnitude of stressors varied according to organizational level (Parasuraman, & Alutto, 1984). At upper management levels, the most significant stressors tended to be qualitative overload and time constraints, while at lower levels of an organization, the most significant stressors tended to be role frustration and technical problems (Parasuraman, & Alutto).
This body of research concluded that a "large measure of homogeneity in the perceived work experiences of individuals" exists "within particular membership groups, but not between membership groups" (Parasuraman, & Alutto, 1984, p. 330). Extensions of the basic research in this area found that both "contextual and role related variables affected job attitude, job behavior, and the magnitude of job stressors" (Parasuraman & Alutto, p. 345). In this context, the researchers concluded that an individual's "perceptions of work generated stressors and their eventual reactions to these organizational realities are importa
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Approximate Word count = 9802
Approximate Pages = 39 (250 words per page)
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