Theories of International Relations and Cypurs

To Nicosia and Back: A Latter Day Excursion Through the Inglorious Arts of Peace

This study investigated the following research question: Which theory of international relations among the realist, liberal, and institutional models best explains the absence of a peace settlement between the Greek Cypriots and the Turkish Cypriots? Consistent with this research question, the hypothesis that was tested through the conduct of this study was as follows: The realist model of international relations provides a stronger explanation for the absence of a peace settlement between the Greek Cypriots and the Turkish Cypriots than does either the liberal or institutional model of international relations.

Two highly divisive forces at play globally in the contemporary period are nationalism and ethnicity. While these forces are not confronted by all states, no settled global region is immune from problems stemming from these forces. Such problems are exacerbated where ethnicity and nationalism interact. The longer that such problems are allowed to simmer, the more intractable they appear to become. One such case involves the island of Cyprus, where Greek and Turkish communities have resided in a state of shared tension for around four centuries. The Cyprus Puzzle, the situation involving the two communities and the search for a solution to the issues that divide them, is referred to widely as the "Cyprus Problem."

The method followed in the conduct of this study was a c

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nteractions among states. An alternative contention, however, is that the distribution of power has, throughout history, been characterized by one of three structures. These three structures are as follows: (1) hegemony or imperialism, in which a single powerful state dominates the lesser states in the system; (2) bipolarity, in which two powerful states control interactions within and between their respective spheres of influence; (3) or a balance of power in which three or more states control the actions of one another through diplomatic maneuver, shifting alliances, and open conflict. Some theorists tend to discount the dominant capacity and willingness to exercise such capacity accorded to power states in the systemic hypothesis. These proponents contend that claims for the general validity of the theory of hegemonic stability are often exaggerated. The dominance of a single great power may contribute to order in world politics, in particular circumstances, but it is not a sufficient condition to create and maintain such order. The contention is that hegemony and cooperation are not alternatives. On the contrary, it is contended, they are often found in symbiotic relationships with one another. With respect to

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