ivity and is associated with an estimated 40 percent of employee turnover. Stress appears to be a contributing factor in an estimated 75 to 90 percent of primary care physician visits. Wojcik (1999) further claims that the American Institute of Stress considers stress to cost U.S. public and private sector organizations anywhere from $200 billion to $300 billion every year while also facilitating 40 percent of employee turnover across all industrial sectors.
Despite efforts to identify the sources of stress and to introduce strategies capable of reducing if not eliminating these stressors, stress and its effects continue to be one of the major human resource problems in the contemporary workplace.
The next section of this review will address the question of how stress is caused in the correctional field and its impact on correctional officers.
Correctional officers confront numerous stressors that are endemic within
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