ermine that the Act was in effect was 1 January 1991.
In addition to the variables thus far discussed, the BNA-LA database also provided information on the 173 cases in relation to the following factors:
1. Confirmation. Confirmation referred to any special procedure used to validate a charge of substance use or possession. The classifications included in the database were as follows: (a) no confirmation procedure used; (b) drug (narcotics) test; (c) blood alcohol content (BAC) test; or (d) second person observation.
2. Remedy. Remedy referred to any special remedies included as a part of an arbitration decision. The classifications included in the database were as follows: (a) no remedy ? termination upheld; (b) reinstated ? made whole; (c) reinstated ? lesser disciplinary action imposed; or (d) reinstated without back pay.
3. Treatment. Treatment referred to any special treatment or counseling included as a part of the arbitration decision. The classifications included in the database were as f
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