The Maccabean Revoltto
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The Maccabean Revolt is the name commonly given to the revolt of the Jews in Judea against Seleucid domination in the period 166-160 B.C. The name is derived from the leader, Judas Maccabeus, while another term for the revolt is the Hasmonean revolt after the family to which Judas, his father, and his brothers belonged. Some historians have extended the dates of the revolt to 142 B.C., the year when Judea became independent. The Maccabean Revolt was part of other events in the history of the Jews at that time and would in turn become a source for much of the history that would follow. The revolt can be examined for how it relates to broader Jewish concerns at the time, to the thrust of history prior to that era, and for what it says to later generations. The revolt has a role in the wider Jewish issue of the Diaspora. The story of the Diaspora is a key element in the history of the Jewish people and in the focus of their aspirations and purposes in the world. The word "Diaspora" is derived from the Greek for "a scattering" or "to scatter about." The word has come to signify the body of Jews today living not in Israel but scattered outside the boundaries of Israel. Diaspora is much more than this, however, being seen as both a way of life and an intellectual concept, as a state of being and a state of mind. Some historians date the Diaspora from the time of the destruction of the first kingdom of Judah and the captivity in Babylon, but this would make Diaspora synon
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(II Macc. 3:3), but elsewhere we are told that Seleucus attempted, through his minister, Heliodorus, to gain possession of private funds deposited in the Temple (II Macc. 3:4-40). This is also mentioned in Daniel 11:20. When Seleucus IV was assassinated, he was succeeded by his brother Antiochus IV. He adopted a policy that would soon drive the Jews to open rebellion, a policy dictated by the difficult situation in which he found the realm. The empire was internally unstable, with a heterogeneous population that lacked real unity and that was threatened on every side. The Parthians were menacing the eastern provinces, and the Egyptians were a threat to the south. A more important threat came from Rome, which took more and more interest in the eastern Mediterranean lands and which was apparently ready to intervene in affairs there as needed. Antiochus IV wanted to unify his people for the defense of the realm, and at the same time he knew that his financial plight meant he needed all the revenue he could acquire. The Temple in Jerusalem could be a source of revenue, he reasoned. He had also, in the interests of political unity, granted the rights of the Greek polis to various cities and fostered all things Hellenic, inclu
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Approximate Word count = 3284
Approximate Pages = 13 (250 words per page)
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