Japanese Methods of Child Rearing

 In a study released by the U.S. Department of Education in 1986, it was reported that students whose parents inculcate values commonly described as the "Protestant work ethic" are significantly more likely to attain high grades than others. The authors indicated that their study was prompted by recent research on the academic success of immigrants from Asian countries whose families place a high value on school achievement (Shields, Jr., 1989, p. 3).

The awareness among U.S. educational leaders of the role of the family in school effectiveness has generated considerable interest Japanese child-rearing patterns. From the earliest years, Japanese schools and families are closely united in their mutually respected goals of imprinting disciplined work habits and cooperative attitudes in children (Shields, Jr., 1989, p. 4).

From the earliest years, Japanese children learn that ability is not i

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classmates also tend to be strong and permanent. The American classroom resembles the competitive arena, whereas the Japanese classroom resembles the training ground of a single team, learning how to play the game for life cooperatively (Singleton, 1989, p. 12). In the United States, according to child psychologists, when a child has a tantrum, the best way to handle it is to prevent the tantrum in the first place. Telling a child he is too old to have a tantrum, or using tactics that humiliate or punish him will not work. What will work is to minimize external changes in the child's life as much as possible. Let him appreciate the comfort of a routine. If life-changing events do occur--such the birth of a sibling, a move, divorce or separation, or starting school--the parents should realize that the child may be especially vulnerable and give him as much attention as possible (Israeloff, 1994, p. 80). Another tactic U.S. psychologists advocate for preventing tantrums is to enlist the child in newly mastered cognitive skills. The parent should anticipate situations that are likely to cause tantrums and tell the child what is expected of him in that circumstances and what the consequences will be if he does not listen. For
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