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Differences Between Aristotle & Plato

Aristotle differed from his teacher, Plato, in his emphasis on the supremacy of observation and on concrete reality. He sought to learn all that was possible about the reality perceivable by the senses, and the logic he developed was an effort directed at this end. He sought to develop a universal method of reasoning in order to learn everything possible about reality, and in his Categories he sets out a scheme to describe particular things by identifying them in terms of their properties, states, and activities.

Plato approached the issue of knowledge and found that ideas, as he used the term, are not only something in human consciousness but something outside it as well. Platonic Ideas are subjective and do not depend on human thought but exist entirely in their own right. They are perfect patterns that exist in the very nature of things. Such an idea is not just a human idea but the idea of the universe itself, so that the universe can express itself externally in concrete form or internally as a concept in the human mind at one and the same time. The Idea is the foundation of reality itself.

Plato is an idealist in his philosophy, basing his view of the world on the idea that there are forms embodying this world in a state of perfection and that what we perceive in this world are only shadows of the ideal. Central to Plato's thought is the power of reason to reveal the intelligibility and order governing the changing world of appearance, with the purpose of creating, at both the political and the individual level, a harmonious and happy life. Plato seeks a harmony between reason and passion, a life of selfmastery in which reason governs the will as its natural guide and source. Plato's doctrine of recollection holds that learning is the remembering of a wisdom that the soul enjoyed prior to its incarnation, another aspect of the idea that there are ideal forms "remembered" by the soul in this world, and this is ...

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Differences Between Aristotle & Plato. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 10:55, March 28, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1691021.html