iatrist, but he did not conduct a conventional psychoanalysis with Conrad. He seemed in one instance to show little interest in dreams and his procedure seemed more like humanistic psychotherapy than psychoanalysis.
This was a very unconventional psychotherapeutic encounter, in which Dr. Berger did not maintain a detached, distant attitude and in which he encouraged Conrad to lay on the floor, sit on the floor, or do whatever was necessary in order to feel comfortable. Dr. Berger also indicated that he considered Conrad a friend and at the termination interview indicated that he would be glad to visit Conrad as a friend.
The issue that seems the most significant is the issue of boundaries. This has become a vitally important issue in psychotherapy and psychoanalysis during the 1980s and 1990s. Although some of the early psychiatrists engaged in affairs and other extended relationships with their patients, this has come to be seen as inappropriate behavior that violates the client-psychiatrist relationship boundaries.
During the 1980s and 1990s, there has been an increasing emphasis on e
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