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Definition & Symptomatology of Dyslexia

We have reviewed the literature published over the last twenty years or so and found that there has existed and continues to exist substantial controversy regarding the definition and symptomatology of dyslexia. Increasingly, dyslexia is viewed not as a disease entity but as a syndrome--a constellation of symptoms--which may find its etiology in brain, opthalmic, perceptual, language, memory, psychological, social, or information-processing dysfunction, in grapho-spatial dyscoordination, even as in reading maturation.

Description of the Normal Reading Process

Reading is the perception of written symbols as meaningful, involving recognition of words, fluency, comprehension, etc. It is generally assumed that a reading capability (potentiality) exists in the intellectually normal person when reading readiness has been attained, i.e. when the child has matured sufficiently and has sufficient experience for reading to begin--given the relevant instruction and learning motivation. Developmental factors usually considered are mental age, language, interests, and pre-reading skills as well as home background. Attempts have been made to assess reading readiness with readiness tests {Terry, J.;Thomas, W.N. 1977}. Term is more sensibly used if one thinks of reading readiness as readiness for specific reading activities (p.99). Reading instruction methodology varies with language, culture, country, educational system and policy. In Austria, Denmark, Ecuador, Finland, Honduras, Hungary, India, Sweden, Syria, Thailand, and a number of schools in the U.S.A., methods are based on the alphabet or phonetics (synthetic method). Chinese children, lacking a basically phonetic system, learn to read by rote ("Look and say" method). By and large, American education has tended to try and "balance" phonetics and look and say. Reading and writing assume {Encyclopµdia Britannica 1974} "sophisticated language attainments and the capacity to think f...

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Definition & Symptomatology of Dyslexia. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 15:15, March 28, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1691402.html