Human Resource Management
Human Resource Management
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During the past decade, there has been considerable discussion in the literature about different approaches to dealing with people in an organization. There has been a new focus on values orientation and socially responsible businesses. There has been discussion of the learning organization and the need for flexibility and creativity in the approach to business in the next century. The focus in this discussion is on the concept of human resource management and the way in which it has been applied in specific businesses. The intention is to look at this approach and assess how successful it has been in improving creativity and entrepreneurial activity within organizations.Principles of Human Resource Management The history of human resource management as a type of approach to personnel management although broader is a relatively short one. According to Rudiger Pieper (1990), the term human resources was first introduced in 1965 by Raymond Miles. It was conceptualized as emerging from the views of organizational humanists such as Argyris and McGregor, and distinguished both from traditional management and management that focused on human relations approaches. According to Rudiger, what distinguishes all of the human resources approaches from other approaches is that they view people as having the potential to grow and to develop, making them a dynamic resource pool. Therefore: the major task of human resource management i
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one of the company. The mission statement allowed the company to develop both products and strategies that were consistent and coherent. Human beings, both inside and outside the company, were considered to be of primary value. Their development inside the company was supported in many ways, and they were encouraged to be creative in both product design and marketing.
The results, according to Chappell (1993), were highly positive. Although there was a difficult adjustment process for some of the executives, eventually they all adapted new, more creative and risk taking attitudes and behaviors. Chappell described some of the results, including job redesign of a receptionist position, manufacturing spread over two shifts in four day work weeks, and an innovative marketing effort for a children's toothpaste that was developed by one of those creative champions that Peters and Waterman (1982) discussed.
Another major focus of these new organizations is decentralization, including the creation of autonomous departments and self managing work teams. Manz and Sims (1993) described a number of major companies that have adopted self managing work teams in their efforts to create a more creative and entrepreneurial work environment
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Approximate Word count = 2264
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page)
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