Community Oriented Policing
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An issue raised more and more in cities across the country is whether or not there should be a requirement for members of the police department to reside in the communities they serve. Indeed, this argument extends beyond the police and often centers on a debate over whether there should be a residency requirement for police, foremen, and city officials. A number of arguments are advanced as to why such rules should be adopted, beginning with giving the police a stake in the community, encouraging greater understanding on the part of each officer of the people he serves, and creating greater accountability. Arguments against include the idea that it really does not matter where the officer resides but how he or she is trained and the belief that sometimes the officer and his or her family may be safer in a different community, given the tendency on the part of some for retaliation. Innovative means to combat crime have been instituted in recent years and have had some success in cities like New York, but activists believe that more could be accomplished if the police were part of the community they serve. Community Policing is a program that links the actions of the police with citizen participation as part of an overall effort to solve the problems of the community by involving the community, a method adopted by police agencies aware of the scope of the crime problem facing them: These frustrations have led progressive police executives to a broader set
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violated them, the regulars not only turned to Kelly for help but also ridiculed the violator. Sometimes what Kelly did could be described as "enforcing the law," but just as often it involved taking informal or extralegal steps to help protect what the neighborhood had decided was the appropriate level of public order. Some of the things he did probably would not withstand a legal challenge.
A determined skeptic might acknowledge that a skilled foot patrol officer can maintain order but still insist that this sort of "order" has little to do with the real sources of community fear that is, with violent crime. To a degree, that is true. But two things must be borne in mind. First, outside observers should not assume that they know how much of the anxiety now endemic in many big city neighborhoods stems from a fear of "real" crime and how much from a sense that the street is disorderly, a source of distasteful, worrisome encounters. The people of Newark, to judge from their behavior and their remarks to interviewers, apparently assign a high value to public order, and feel relieved and reassured when the police help them maintain that order.
Second, at the community level, disorder and crime are usually inextricably linked, in
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Approximate Word count = 10501
Approximate Pages = 42 (250 words per page)
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