Determining Workplace Sexual Harassment
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How do people determine if they are victims of sexual harassment at their places of work? For more than a century, cases of supervisory and management personnel intimidating and abusing members of the opposite sex for the single reason that the underlings are members of the opposite gender have been documented. Sexual harassment is widespread in the United States. The targets are usually female in subordinate positions to a male authority. Sexual harassment occurs for several reasons: the definition of sexual harassment is poorly understood and constantly changing; men and women tend to perceive situations from different perspectives; and men knowingly or unknowingly may try to intimidate women in order to force them away from male-dominated domains so that the men can continue to control their prerogatives. As the workplace changes to keep up with technological advances, the nature of sexual harassment has broadened in scope to include sexual harassment in cyberspace. Although the sources for this research gave different rates for the amount of sexual harassment occurring in different sub-groups, all of the numbers were substantial and supported one another. Susan Sheffey and R. Scott Tindale give the highest estimates on the rate of sexual harassment in the workplace. They cite surveys that used self-selected samples, which reported that between 70 percent and 90 percent of females who responded claimed to have experienced som
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rst state to outlaw sexual harassment of state employees (Jones 59). The "Guidelines on Discrimination Because of Sex" were drafted by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), and the first case to establish that a hostile work environment constituted sexual harassment was won (Jones 59). The EEOC defined sexual harassment as quid pro quo sexual harassment or "when conduct unreasonably interferes with a person's work performance or creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive work environment" (Sheffey and Tindale 1503). This meant that perpetrators of harassment could now be prosecuted when they were responsible for creating an environment which negatively impacted on a single person or all people. By 1991, the courts were beginning to determine if the conduct was inappropriate from a "reasonable woman's" point of view instead of a generic reasonable person whose gender is unknown (Jones 61).
The courts began to see that not everyone views sexual harassment as the same type of conduct. Whether a given act is seen as harassment by an individual or not depends on the circumstances surrounding the act and the individual's preconceived notions and expectations. The definition of sexual harassment was broadened a
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Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 1939
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page)
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