U.S. Relations with Turkey
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U.S. relations with Turkey have recently been characterized as being threatened by changes in Ankara because Turkey is now headed by an Islamic Prime Minister intent on showing his independence from the United States. Turkey has become more enmeshed in the tensions in the Middle East. From the U.S. point of view, however, Turkey is a very important country. Turkey is a member of NATO and has shown an eagerness to join Europe. The Welfare party leader, Necmettin Erbakan, took office as Prime Minister in June 1996, and since that time the U.S. has worried that Turkey might shift from its traditional European orientation to seek new anti-American alliances with radical Muslim nations in the Middle East. One reason for this concern was the anti-NATO, anti-Israel rhetoric of Erbakan prior to his assuming office, though since that time he has adopted a more pragmatic course and has renewed Turkey's military cooperation agreement with Israel while continuing to provide bases for American air operations in northern Iraq ("Delicate Relations with Turkey" 20). U.S. foreign policy toward Turkey in the near future will hinge on such issues and how Turkey responds. Mustafa Kemal was a Turkish World War I hero later known as "Ataturk" or "father of the Turks," and he founded the republic of Turkey in 1923 after the collapse of the 600 year old Ottoman Empire. He also instituted reforms which moved Turkey away from religious control and toward secular control of the government. T
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om $95 million to $633 million, and as of mid 1990, the government had authorized foreign direct investment projects totaling $5.6 billion. The economic orientation of the nation is increasingly toward the West, though it is looking for new markets in Asia and the Middle East. In April 1987, Turkey applied for full membership in the European Community (EC), and it is likely that this potential membership in the EC will mean that Turkey will continue to liberalize its economy and harmonize related legislation to bring it closer to Western standards ("Country Profile: Turkey" 124).
The modern evolution of Turkey has been influenced by its decision to seek Western assistance after World War II to protect it from Soviet territorial demands, and Turkey's membership in NATO should be seen in this light. Turkey was admitted to NATO in 1952. Turkey remains a strong adherent to NATO, and participation in NATO gives Turkey a voice in major strategic decisions by Western democracies and a framework for multilateral cooperation where Turkey's security is concerned. In recent times, though, there have been changes:
Nevertheless, with NATO strategy based on the management of multidimensional threats rather than deterrence of the now-def
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Approximate Word count = 2123
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page)
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