Create a new account

It's simple, and free.

Activation Mechanism of Phospholipase

PHOSPHOLIPASE & ITS ACTIVATION MECHANISM

Phospholipase refers to a number of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of specific ester bonds in phospholipids. The individual enzymes are categorized by the bond they hydrolyze and as carboxylic acid esterases or phosphodiesterases. Phospholipase A1 (p. A1) and phospholipase A2 (p. A2) are classified as carboxylic acid esterases and phospholipase C (p. C) and phospholipase D (p. D) are classified as phosphodiesterases.

Phospholipases are of the family of enzymes called hydrolases which use water to catalyze the degradation of biological molecules to their component parts; phospholipases use water to degrade phospholipid molecules. Phospholipase activities are found to occur at a carbon-oxygen or phosphate-oxygen bond and they are defined by the bond that is broken during catalysis.

There are different phospholipases which are defined by the position they attack on the phospholipid molecule. Phospholipases are important enzymes in lipid metabolism and signal transduction; hydrolysis products are involved in the mobilization of intracellular calcium (inositol trisphosphate), regulation of protein phosphorylation (diacylglycerol), disruption of membrane integrity (lysophospholipid), activation and aggregation of platelets (platelet-activating factor), and the onset of inflammation (arachidonic acid metabolites, prostaglandins and leukotrienes).

Much information is available regarding phospholipases A2, C, and D, less is available about phospholipase A1. Phospholipase B is a term used to define those that catalyze the hydrolysis of phospholipids and lysophopholipids; these enzymes have been isolated from bacterial and mammalian sources, however little is known regarding their action mechanisms. Phospholipase B liberates fatty acids and produces glycerophosphorylcholine. Most preparations of phospholipase B are found to contain a mixture of both A1 and A2 phospholipas...

Page 1 of 32 Next >

More on Activation Mechanism of Phospholipase...

Loading...
APA     MLA     Chicago
Activation Mechanism of Phospholipase. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 11:19, March 29, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1692157.html