Plastic Surgery
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Plastic surgery is the medical specialty that seeks to improve physical function or to minimize disfigurement or scarring resulting from accidents, disease or birth defects, and the word plastic is derived from the Greek meaning molding or giving form. Plastic surgery includes aesthetic surgery, popularly known as cosmetic surgery, which can be used to reshape facial and bodily features and which is designed to improve an individual's appearance. Aesthetic eyelid surgery, or blepharoplasty, is an operation used to remove excess skin and fat on upper and lower eyelids, a procedure that can eliminate conditions that give an individual a tired appearance, such as wrinkled folds on skin on upper eyelids, bags under the eyes, and sagging eyebrows. Reconstructive blepharoplasty can be performed to correct these conditions when they affect vision (Eyelid Surgery, 1988, 1). Lower eyelid surgery is one of the most complicated surgical procedures. There are a number of techniques which have become routine, but in spite of their common use one result that is very common is sclera showing mild ectoprion (everted eyelid). What is needed is a procedure that avoids this consequence. Over the past ten years, this researcher has improved post-operative long-term results in over one thousand cases with the procedure to be described below. A decreased chance of mild inverted eyelid and the maximum excision of skin from the lateral side n order to prevent shortening th
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ying compartments of fat are removed. Incisions are made in the upper and lower eyelids following natural lines and creases, generally extending into the fine wrinkling, or crow's feet, at the outer edges of the eyes. The surgeon works through the incisions to separate skin from underlying fatty tissue and muscle, removing exposed fat and excess skin. The number and type of sutures used to close the incisions vary according to the judgment of the surgeon. When healed, the hairline scars fade and become barely visible within six to eight weeks. Following surgery, moist gauze dressings are applied to the eyes. The procedure usually lasts from one to two hours or longer, depending on the nature of the specific problem (American Society of Plastics and Reconstructive Surgeons, 1988, 4-5).
Different procedures have been developed for blepharoplasty, and to a degree they are dependent on the diagnosis of the individual problem. A precise diagnosis of eyelid deformities is the critical first step for obtaining superior results. Upper blepharoplasty analysis involves examining the forehead for possible descent, the eyebrow and upper orbital region soft tissues, the eyelid skin, orbicularis muscle redundancy, and periorbital fat.
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Approximate Word count = 2269
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page)
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