Politics and Sex in Four Plays
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The word "political" implies the operation of things relating to the government. "The Crucible," "The Dutchman," "Vinegar Tom," and "M. Butterfly" all explore Western society's view and treatment of sex and the ways in which the Western shame of things sexual becomes transformed into political misconceptions and persecution. Three of the plays address the way white Western men use sex to satisfy themselves and create an image of themselves that grants them power. Necessarily, men's use of sex requires the use of women as sexual objects. In the fourth play discussed, "The Dutchman," the playwright address the political ramifications of sexual interplay between blacks and whites. However, these plays also demonstrate that for the playwright, the definition of "the political" is more expansive than merely those things relating to the government. In ways to be discussed in the body of the paper, each playwright demonstrates that affairs that eventually affect the political administration of a society often begin among the personal interaction of that society's members. In each play, the personal ambitions, beliefs, and agenda of the characters in the play inform the political arena in which they operate. This is essentially the job of the playwright in each of these plays: to made the audience aware that the political can, and often is, personal. In "The Crucible," Abigail begins the witch hunt to avenge herself against John Proctor, with
. . .
secution is very usually underlaid with issues of personal vengeance. Jack and Margery cannot account for the failure of their farm so they credit their failures to Margery, an easy target.
Interestingly enough, the women in "Vinegar Tom" all accept their sexuality as a curse. Jack's belief that Alice has stolen his potency demonstrates the belief also found in "The Crucible" that woman ultimately hold the power and, consequently, the blame for the corrupting, evil nature of sex. Sprenger and Kramer, the authors of Malleus Maleficarum (The Hammer of Witches), a very popular book in the seventeenth century, explain why women are simultaneously at the heart of all things sexual and evil:
Kramer: "All wickedness is but little to the wickedness of a woman." Ecclesiastes.
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Sprenger: But the main reason is
Kramer/Sprenger: she is more carnal than a man
Kramer: as may be seen from her many carnal abominations (xxi. 18-19,32-34).
Thus, based on the actions attributed to Eve, women's sexual nature is viewed as a "carnal abomination" and a reason for doubt and persecution.
"M. Butterfly" carries the least religious overtones of the plays as yet discussed. Thus, the nature of its characterization of woman's sexual
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Approximate Word count = 1511
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page)
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