Adaptation Model of Nursing

The purpose of this paper is to apply the adaptation model of nursing developed by Sister Calista Roy (1984) to the case of Mai-Lynn. The paper begins with an assessment of the case. This is followed by the formulation of nursing diagnoses and the development of a plan of care. To increase understanding of the application, the paper begins with a very brief review of the model itself.

This model, first presented in the periodic literature during the early 1970s, conceptualizes a human as an adaptive system in which change of any kind (e.g., illness, injury) is responded to in either an adaptive or non-adaptive manner. Adaptation is characterized as being effected by the patient's physiological needs, self-concept, role functions, and interdependence. The nursing process is viewed in terms of making first and second level assessments, problem identification, nursing diagnoses, setting priorities, and an evaluation made in order to judge the effectiveness of the nursing process.

The model's strengths lie in its greater ability to offer individualized assessment, its emphasis on psychosocial needs, and its widespread use in nurse practice, education and research (Fawcett, 1989). It's limitations involve overlap in certain assessment categories, difficulties conceptualizing certain terms, and a dependence on the value system of the nurse who must judge what is or is not adaptive

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of seeking immediate medical treatment, she allowed her mother to rub an unknown chemical product into the injury. Actions must be taken to promote improved coping. Given the two listed diagnoses, it can be seen that Mai-Lynn needs not only a nursing response to the immediate situational factors causing her stress but also a nursing response to the unhealthful way she copes with stress. In other words, caregiving activities need to be directed toward both recovery and to health promotion in terms of helping Mai-Lynn establish better coping mechanisms. There is, however, a need to set priorities. While the nursing diagnosis relevant to the health promotion and maintenance objective is an important step in providing her care, the first priority must be in reducing the high level of stress she is experiencing immediately. Indeed, a simple reduction in this immediate stress level could help to elevate her self-concept to the point where is more able to not only cope with the immediate or short-term situation of being injured but also is better able to listen to the plan set for reducing her stress in the long-run. Plan of Care The first nursing diagnosis listed described Mai-Lynn's problem as involving two sources of stress:
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Approximate Word count = 2901
Approximate Pages = 12 (250 words per page)

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