NAFTA and Political Parties
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This research paper analyzes the North American Free Trade Treaty (NAFTA) and other possible Western Hemisphere trade pacts in terms of political party support. In November, 1993, NAFTA was approved by the Congress after a divisive political battle during which traditional party alignments were shattered. NAFTA was passed primarily because of Republican support. The controversy over NAFTA produced a profound split in the Democratic Party which the Clinton Administration overcame with difficulty. Since 1993, the prospects for extension of NAFTA to other Latin American nations have been jeopardized by the rise of domestic protectionist and neo-nationalist sentiment within both parties which has been fueled by negative developments in the Mexican economy and posturing by the parties in anticipation of the 1996 presidential campaign. The policy issue in 1993 was whether it was in the interest of the United States to implement NAFTA and today it is whether NAFTA should be extended to Chile and other nations in the Western Hemisphere. Pursuant to President Bush's Enterprise for the Americas Initiative in 1990, the Bush administration, Canada and Mexico entered into NAFTA in December, 1992. NAFTA, as it was finally approved by the House of Representatives by a vote of 234-200 on November 17, 1993 and by the Senate on November 21, 1993 by a vote of 61-38, became effective on January 1, 1994. It contained the following essential provi
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r Mario Cuomo, as well as Ross Perot, segments of small business and the emerging leader of the Republican right, Patrick Buchanan.
In the spring of 1993, the Wall Street Journal reported that public opinion polls were showing 2:1 opposition to NAFTA, a figure which fell only to 50:50 on the eve of the House vote. The debate over NAFTA was fierce. Mickey Kantor, Clinton's Special Trade Representative, called it "a mad hatter's tea party;" and Blumenthal said that "by mid-September, NAFTA was a political storm; by mid-November, it had become a howling hurricane." Johnson described the firestorm against NAFTA as arising out of "conditions that led to intense emotions along class lines. . . As America's industrial and service sectors retrench, fear over the future intensifies . . . that ripples through the ranks of factory workers, farmers and professionals alike."
Party Cohesion
Clinton realized that the presidency's control over foreign economic policy as well as relations with Mexico as well as other U.S. interests were at stake. He never was successful in restoring cohesion in the Democratic Party over NAFTA. Only 40 percent of Democrats in the House and 27 Democratic Senators ended up voting for NAFTA. The administrati
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Some common words found in the essay are:
Gary Hufbauer, Mexico Pre-NAFTA, Democratic Party, President Clinton's, Trade Representative, Larry King, Western Hemisphere, Latin American, Fallout NAFTA, Street Journal, free trade, democratic party, wall street journal, november 1993, street journal, wall street, april 1995, washington post, republican party, canada mexico, york times, free trade treaty, christian science monitor, street journal april, journal april 1995,
Approximate Word count = 1876
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page)
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