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Visually Handicapped Student & Intelligence

The following literature review will provide a brief overview of intelligence and the blind or visually handicapped student. To this goal, several topics will be included, such as general guidelines, qualifications to the use of various assessment procedures and tools, how the visual handicapping condition can compound many of the developmental variables, and feasibility, reliability and validity of various assessment tools, etc. The theoretical framework is multidisciplinary, with workers using theories addressing such issues as intellectual delay due to visual handicap, how some assessment tools may yield unreliable data, and how procedure modification may yield unreliable data. The methods used for research are varied, ranging from case studies to test-retest.

Scholl and Schnur (1975) discussed measures of psychological, vocational, and educational functioning in the blind and visually handicapped, given that an increasing number of professionals (i. e., psychologists, psychological examiners, and rehabilitation counselors) must assess the abilities of the above-noted individuals. While there appears to be negligible impact on intelligence of the blind or visually handicapped due to their disability, there are areas of functioning which are resultantly adversely affected. That is, some of the cognitive experiences may prove restricted in range and depth; object-world knowledge may well be impaired, given that touch is used in place of vision; and, objects that are sized too small or too large may not be experienced, given that touch will not adequately replace the function of the individual's vision. In addition to these, the blind or visually impaired individual may well experience mobility restrictions in unfamiliar places, unless he or she has a mobility aid (i.e., a sighted individual, a cane, a dog guide, or an electronic aid) that would allow him or her to explore the new or different environment. Further,...

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Visually Handicapped Student & Intelligence. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 04:45, March 29, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1692752.html