Manzanar camps in California
This is an excerpt from the paper...
During World War II, the United States interned Japanese residents of the Western states in internment camps such as that at Manzanar in California. The reason was indicated in Executive Order 9066, signed in 1942 by President Roosevelt to give authority to the War Department to define military areas in the western states and to exclude anyone who might be seen as threatening the war effort (Houston and Houston xi-xii). Japanese living in the Western states were seen as potential subversives and were summarily removed to camps to prevent this. The camps operated until after the surrender of Japan, though the U.S. Supreme Court ruled at the end of 1944 that loyal citizens could not be held in detention camps against their will (Houston and Houston, 1973, xii). The United States was wrong to place any Japanese who had not committed any offense into these camps whether they were citizens or not, a fact later admitted by the U.S., which also eventually tried to pay some reparations to those who had been so incarcerated. At the time of the beginning of the war, there were some 127,000 persons having common ancestry with those who had launched the Pearl Harbor attack. Some 113,000 of these lived in the four states of California, Washington, Oregon, and Arizona, with 94,000 in California alone. They were a small minority representing less than one-tenth of one percent of the total American population and less than 2 percent of the population of California. Some 47,000 of the
. . .
Executive Order 9066, and he issued a Public Proclamation naming the western halves of California, Oregon, and Washington, and the southern portion of Arizona as military areas from which certain persons or classes of persons might be excluded. President Roosevelt then signed Executive Order 9102, which established the War Relocation Authority to help those people evacuated under Executive Order 9066, meaning to assure an orderly evacuation of designated persons from the restricted military areas. The new agency was given wide discretion in deciding the fate of the Japanese Americans forced to leave their homes, and Congress passed Public Law 77-503 making it a crime to violate a military order:
During this time, although the West Coast was declared a theater of war, martial law was never declared and habeas corpus was not suspended. The civil court system was in full operation throughout the war, and anyone charged with espionage or sabotage could have been properly tried. Yet the federal government proceeded with its plans for a mass evacuation and incarceration of American citizens and resident aliens, based solely on race, without any individual review (Hatamiya, 1993, 15).
An account of one group affected by this order
. . .
Some common words found in the essay are:
Houston Houston, Wakatsuki Houston's, II Lewis, West Coast, Thomas Nishimoto, Pearl Harbor, Japanese Japanese, Farewell Manzanar, Supreme Court, Origins Act, american citizens, houston 1973, nishimoto 1969, executive 9066, houston houston, thomas nishimoto 1969, thomas nishimoto, enemy aliens, united wrong, pearl harbor, world war, houston houston 1973, jeanne wakatsuki houston's, reason united wrong, world war ii,
Approximate Word count = 2126
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page)
More Essays on Manzanar camps in California
|
Customer Service
to Over
32,000 Professionally Written Papers!!!
