corresponds exactly to the craftsmen in the state, and self-discipline is manifested as the three elements are in perfect harmony with one another. Socrates shows that the state is just when its three components are in harmony and when each of its classes performs its assigned tasks without interfering with the other classes. In man, the same thing is true in the soul, and a man is considered just if the three elements are in harmony, each performing its function and not interfering with the other two. (Of course, this seems to ignore the particular task of reason to control the other two and to see that they do not become too powerful, but even then balance is being maintained rather than having reason in the ascendance.)
Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau offer the idea of the social contract as the basis of society. All three writers begin with a consideration of man in a state of nature. The individual is seen as existing in one state in nature and in a different state in society. The act of coming tog
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