Journal Articles on Sociology of Corrections

It was intended for the focus of this paper to be "The Sociology of Corrections," a literature review and critical analysis of contemporary writings contained in the periodic literature of the field of sociology, such as Contemporary Sociology or the American Journal of Sociology. As it turns out, the periodic literature of sociology does not seem to concern itself, generally, with the topic of corrections (i.e., jails, prisons, incarceration, etc.). This is not to say that sociologists are not actively involved in research in this field, because they are indeed. However, the vast majority of writers are publishing books, not articles!

The topic, corrections, as revealed in several electronic library databases, is being covered by scholarly researchers and writers, some of whom are sociologists, in the periodic literature of the fields of criminal justice and criminology--British Journal of Criminology, Crime & Delinquency, Prison Journal, etc. Yet when one examines the bibliographies of the relatively few articles contained in these journals, it is once again confirmed that the vast majority of writings in the field are not being presented in the form of articles, but, rather, as published books.

Additionally, there are a variety of "professional" publications, including Corrections Today and the American Bar Association Journal, which contain articles written predominantly by working professionals (i.e., prison wardens, judges and lawyers, correctional officers) a

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t, and a staggering fifteenfold increase (from about 1,500 to 22,600) in the number of drug-offender inmates (88). The number of persons occupying California prison cells for drug offenses alone in 1991 exceeds the total number of prison inmates for all offenses in 1979! (89) According to Zimring and Hawkins, in 1991 the California Department of Corrections projected that by mid-year 2000, state prisons would be holding more than 224,000 inmates, and the state Department of Finance estimated that more than $10 billion in construction would be required to meet such a need (90). If these numbers come to pass, in the year 2000, California will have a prison population which exceeds that of all federal and state prisons combined in 1973 (90). Rosenfeld and Kempf (1991) concluded that the "current 'social war' criminal justice policies lack rational planning and have contributed to the crowding crisis within the correctional system and to state and local fiscal crises" (481). They attribute the "crisis in corrections, and the impetus behind the search for alternatives to traditional policies and practice" to the sheer numbers of persons under the control of the correctional system (482). Rosenfeld and Kempf surmise that it is

Category: Government - J