Loyalist & Tories
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The Eighteenth century was one of turmoil in what were still the English colonies, but the more many sought to (and finally did) win independence from Britain, there were others whose hearts and allegiances still belonged to the Crown., These were the loyalists. Because many of the colonies prospered, the loyalties were economic as well as political. There are historians who state that "The War of American independence was a true civil war. In America itself a strong minority who called themselves Loyalists, and by their enemies called Tories, supported the mother country and there was much fighting between Loyalist and Patriot partisan (guerilla) bands. (Morison 1965 235). The Loyalists actually formed a political party which "existed throughout the war, although it never managed to get properly organized outside New York City" (Morison 1965 235). Most of the Loyalists were wealthy merchants, and New England church ministers. Some of the Christian sects like the Quakers remained neutral. Just like we are seeing now, politics and loyualties split many families- some of whom remained loyal to the king while others, the Adamses and Randolphs, Franklin, Washington- among many others leaned heavily to the Patriot side. So, for many the difference was a look into the future: would the colonies be better off economically and politically by remaining colonies, or was there something positive to be gained by declaring independence? Of course, when the fighting broke out in e
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entral federal government.
Both the Articles and the eventual Constitution developed a political group called the "anti-federalists." "The greatest concern of the anti-federalists, in endorsing the Constitution, is that it might diminish the equality of the various states. "The essential feature of the Anti-federalist disposition was not dismemberment of the union; rather the essential 'federal principle' endorsed by a union of equal states" (Allen & Lloyd 2002 77). This the Articles of Confederation also endorsed. The specter of a central government in control seemed to spook many of the Anti-federalists, feeling that the rights of their individual states would now be subservient to a strong central government, where the needs and priorities of the individual states might be secondary.
It is this concern with a strong central government that seems to frighten those people who believe that the needs of individual states and its citizens should be paramount, especially since the majority of delegates (and voters) were property owners. It was that protection of private property that was the first concern of the Constitutional delegates. Still, each state had to have its own priorities, even if they conflicted with the a
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Approximate Word count = 1965
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page)
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