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Income & Education Factors of Parental Punishment

The purpose of this research paper is to investigate effects of income and education levels on parental views and uses of corporal punishment. A review of the literature will be used to address the following hypothesis: lower income and educational levels will be positively associated with higher tendencies to believe in and practice, spanking. The population investigated will include both parents but will focus on mothers. It is expected that the research will support the hypothesis.

The following review of the literature will present findings to test the expectation and hypothesis that lower income and educational levels will be positively associated with higher tendencies to believe in and practice, spanking. Corporal punishment continues to be prevalent and effects can be negative, demonstrating the need for this investigation. Davis (1999) reported that over 90 percent of the American population of parents slap or spank their young children and around half of this group continues to use this form of punishment into the adolescent years. Holden, Miller, and Harris (1999) pointed out that mothers who report using corporal punishment at least one time per week, stated that they believe it results in positive outcomes such as the child complying with the mother's wishes. This group also reported that they felt the child behaved more in the long run and they felt less maternal guilt, compared to mothers who spanked occasionally or never spanked. Differences between mother and father attitudes were not found.

A study by Socolar and Stein (1995) found that 19 percent of the mothers reported that they felt there are times when it is appropriate to spank a child that is less than one year of age; 74 percent stated that this was true for children one to three years of age. Of this group, 42 percent had spanked their child in the past week. Despite maternal beliefs in positive aspects of spanking, Turner and Finkelhor (19...

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Income & Education Factors of Parental Punishment. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 17:12, March 28, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1693490.html