Changing Patterns of Family Income Earners

Changing Patterns of Family Income Earners

One of the more dramatic changes in the United States over the past two decades has been the growth of dual-income families. In the mid-1990s, the dual income family is more common than the traditional one-income married household where the husband works and the wife stays at home. In 1980, half of all married couples were dual-income. By 1990, this proportion had increased to about 60 percent. This proportion of is not expected to increase during through 2005; however, the number of such households is projected to increase to 35 million by 2000. Dual income families without children in the household in the mid-1990s have a mean annual household income of $54,200, while dual income families with children in the household have a mean annual household income of $50,500.

Married couples in the contemporary period are more likely than were couples in earlier periods to choose partners of equal educational level. This proclivity leads to greater diversity of incomes among the partners in dual earner families, as one partner frequently chooses a more lucrative career.

A century ago, only five-percent of married woman participated in the labor market. In 1

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ealth could never be attained in the "real world owing to political obstacles based on deep-seated ideological preconceptions. The basic capitalist economic system is very widely and strongly supported by the populations of the advanced industrial nations such as the United States, which means that there is a high degree of acceptance of the various arguments according to which capital wealth and capital property income are earned. Under the circumstances, such measures as virtually confiscatory taxation of inheritances are very unlikely to be adopted. Thus the actual amount of capital wealth equalization that is possible may very well be quite modest, which in turn implies similarly modest economic performance gains from such equalization." Another study included considerations of dual earner families in an investigation of the income adequacy theory. Neoclassical economists have rejected subjective, introspective data on income adequacy. An alternative school of thought has embraced such data and rejected the welfare optimization approach of the neoclassical theory. The ordered-response income adequacy model incorporates the best of each approach and is consistent with both. Linking the ordered response model to random
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