NIETZSCHE, FREUD, AND INTELLECTUALISM

It may be oversimplifying intellectualism of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries- but the difference tends to be one of a struggle for the outer person, as exemplified, say, by Nietzsche and Marx, versus a struggle for the inner person, as provided by Freud and his disciples and the beginning of psychoanalysis.

Nietzsche separated Man- as in "modern" man from "Superman" (which he always used in the singular). He lived through the Industrial Revolution which saw Man replaced by machine. So, his philosophy attempted to redefine his ideal of a Man, an intellectual hero, rather than a physical one. As he put it: "In order to understand this type, we must first be clear in regard to the leading physiological condition on which it depends: this condition is what I call great healthiness." (Nietzsche xxii) Having left behind those philosophers in the Enlightenment and the English philosophers who toyed with an explanation of human knowledge and were man and government meet, Nietzsche's intellectual search for a superman was meant to create a sort of man who could withstand the anti-intellectualism, the religious fervor, and at the same time the compromises relative to God, the Church and sinning Man. Again, it is oversimplifying to state that Nietzsche's ideal Superman ante-dated Ayn Rand's Howard Roark. Nietzsche, at the end of the Nineteenth Century was a strong advocate of an individualism that industry and machinery had destro

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Approximate Word count = 929
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page)